Hydraulic brake



May 19, 1931. c. L. JOLLY 1,805,985

HYDRAULIC BRAKE Filed Oct. 24. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 A TTORNEYS May 119', 1931. c. JOLLY HYDRAULIC BRAKE Filed Oct. 24. 192

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fla 3.

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A T TOR NE YS INVENT c. L. JOL ar Patented May 19, 1931 CHARLES L. JOLLY, OF WILMAR, CALIFORNIA HYDRAULEC BRAKE Application filed October 24:,

tates. The rotor is provided with a pluralor" recesses. and the housing is provided a pair of opposed gates which are resiliently pressed against the surface of the rotor to divide the re ses into two compartments, with the result that hydraulic fluid in the compartments is restrained against rotating about the bore of the housing with the rotor, thus setting u a braking action against rotation of the shaft within the housing.

A. further object is the provision of a hydraulic brake of the general character de scribed, in the housing of which bypasses are associated with each gate, communicating between two portions of the housing on opposite sides of the associated gate, and hav ing a. valve therein operable to control the rate of flow of hydraulic fluid therethrough, with the result that the braking action is regulable.

A further object is the provision of means for limiting the distance that the gates move toward the bottom of the recesses in the rotor, with the result that further means for regu lating the braking action are provided, since flow of the fluid between the inner end of the gate and bottom of the recess, may occur in proportion to the distance that the gate is spaced from the rotor.

It is a still further object of the invention to provide a device of this general character, which will be relatively simple and inexpensive in construction, and which will be generally superior in efficiency and serviceability.

The invention possesses other objects and advantageous features, some of which, with those enumerated, will be set forth in the followin description of the inventions particular embodiment which is illustrated in the drawings accompanying and "forming a part of the specification.

1928. Serial No. 314,638.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of mechanism incorporating the principles of my invention. The cover plates have been removed to disclose the operative portions of the device, which are shown in the positions assumed thereby when the device is exerting a portion of its maximum brake eitort.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, with the cover plates in position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the operative parts of the device moved to full braking position.

4 is a compound, horizontal sectional view, the planes of section being indicated by the lines 4-4 of Fig. 3, and the direction of view by the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the flow-controlling gates detached from the remainder of the structure.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the valves cooperative with the flow-controlling gates.

Specifically describing an embodiment of the invention which is at present deemed most practical, the braking mechanism of my invention is shown in operative position to resist rotation of a shaft 6 in relation to a housing 7, it being understood that these two members may be incorporated in any desired mechanism. For example, the shaft 6 may be the axle of a wheel, and the housing 7 may be rigid with the frame of the vehicle or which the wheel is a part. I do not wish to be limited to this application of my invention however, as it is of utility in connection with machines of widely variant natures.

A circular chamber 8 is formed inside the housing 7 and the'shaft 6 is journalled in the housing 7 across and axially of the chamber 8. A cover plate 9 is removably securable to the housing 7 across the chamber, by a plu- I rality of cap screws 11 or theirequivalent. This cover plate is provided with a shoulder 12 conforming'to the bore of the chamber 8 and extending a short distance therein to hold the cover plate 9 accurately in position. stuffing-boxes 13 are provided in the housing 7 and the cover plate 9, and are threaded for the reception of gland nuts 14, by means of which packing 16 may be compressed tight ly around the shaft (3 to prevent 63051130 of hydraulic fluid therepast.

A rotor 17 is rigidly mounted upon the shaft 3 as by a key 18, for rotation within the chamber 8. A plurality of recesses 19 are provided in the periphery of the rotor 17, the remainder of the periphery conforming to the bore of the chamber 8. However, instead of terminating abrupt the recew- 1 merge into the ren'iainder of the periphery so that the rotor 17 in effect, a cam hr ring a plurality of points in rrictional engagement 'ith the bore of the chamber 8, 1

r-etwecn which points the recesses 19 are disposed. Any suitable number of recesses may be employed, but I have found that forming the rotor 17 with three recesses and three points of contact with the bore of the chamber 8, produces a braking mechanism of high ehicieney.

The recesses 19 are all filled witl. able hydraulic fluid and means are p for restricting the movement of the the chambers 19 with the rotor 17 and in respect to the housing '4, so as to produce t desired braking action. Preferably a p:- of opposed gates 21 are slidably mounter in gnideways 22 disposed radially of the roar-e ing 7. Each gate 21 is formed with i ner end 23 shaped to conform to the face of the rotor 17 and resilient means such as a compression spring 24, are prov d for u ing each gate 21 into engagement with the. rotor. A tongue 26 is provided upon each side of the inner end 23 of each 21, to engage the sides of the rotor a short distance inwards from the face thereof, to so cure better and mor, nearly liquid-tight joint. Preferably that portion of each gate 21 which engages the rotor 1'7. rounded, so that the high points of the rotor or cam will be enabled to move past the gates without binding.

A l pass 2? is associated with each gate 21, and is disposed in the hei i nect portions thereof upon opposite sides the associated Prefwblv ti inta 1e 28 to each bypass, dispose in the bore of chamber 8 and leads to a valve chamber 29, and thence through a suitable passage 31 to the side of the chamber 8 adjacent the bore and upon the opposite side of th associated gate 21. A valve core 32 is mounted for rotation within each valve chamber The major portion of the core 32, conforms to the chamber 29, but arelieved portion 33 18 formed in one side of the core so th t by rotating the core 32, commun cation the intake 28 and the passage 2-31 pass 27, may be established, as indicated upon 1. However, by rotating the core out of this position, the inte 28 may be closed, preventing the escape o one side of the associated gate 21 to the other thus setting up a braking action restricting rotation of the rotor 17 within the housing T.

Each of the valve cores 82, is rigid with a shaft 36 extending through a side of the housing 7 to be connected by a lever 87 to operating links 38 and 39 by means of which the valve cores 32 may be rotated within their respective chambers 29 from a remote point. Each of the shafts 36 extends through a stuffing-box 41 within which a gland nut 42 is threaded to compress packing 43 about the associated shaft 36 and prevent leakage of hydraulic fluid therepast.

Thus it may be seen that braking action may optionally be set up or the rotor 1'? be permitted to rotate freely in respect to the housing, by closing or opening the bypasses 27 respectively. However, I have found it desirable to also retract. the gates 21 out of engagement with the rotor 1'? when free rotation of the rotor is desired. For this purpose, each of the valve cores 82 is provided with a pin 46 upon which a roller 47 is mounted. A dog 48 is mounted adjacent each of the valve chambers 29, for pivotal movement. it is not necessary that the dogs 48 be actually pivoted, but may be loosely retained within a sector-shaped recess 49 in the housing. The parts are so proportioned and arranged that after a valve core 32 has been moved to full open position, the associated roller 47, engages the adjacent dog 48 and moves it in pivotal movement away from t1, 9 center of the housing. The dog 48 then on gages a roller 51 mounted upon a pin 52 which is rigid with the adjacent gate 21, pressing the gate 21 radially outwards of the housing and out of engagement with the rotor 17 against the action of the associated spring 24.

Access to each gate 21 and spring 24 may be had by removing a head 56 which is removably secured to the housing 7 by cap screws 57 or their equivalent; and a plate 58 is ren'iovably attached by cap screws 59 or their equivalent, to the edge of each head 56 and an adjacent portion of the cover plate 9. Removal of this plate 558 permits access to the associated dog 48 and valve core 32.

[in annular compartment 61 is provided in the rotor 17 and a bypass 62 in the housing 7 connects that portion of the chamber 8 which is always in register with the compartment 61, with that portion of the chamher 8 with which the recesses 19 come into register as the rotor turns within the housing. The outlet 63 is disposed in the housing a short distance beyond one of the gates 21; and the inlet 64 leads from adjacent the lowermost portion of the compartment 61. As a result, the outlet 63 from the bypass 62, comes successively into register with a portion of each of the recesses 19, which has ust passed the gate 21. Consequently, that portion of the recess 19 with which the outlet 63 is in register, is under reduced pressure; and reserve fluid which is stored in the compartment 61, will be drawn through the bypass (S2 to replenish the recess 19 in the event that there has been any leakage of fluid from that compartment. at should be observed however, that the outlet 63 is disposed at a distance from the other gate 21 which is greater that the length of any one of the recesses 19. Otherwise, the outlet 63 would be in com munication with a portion of a recess which is under increased pressure, tending to eject fluid from that recess, back into the compartment 61.

The manner of operatin my improved hydraulic brake mechanism is substantially as follows:

lVhen the brake is released, permitting f ee rotation of the rotor 17 within the chamher 8, the gates 21 are in fully withdrawn position, and the valve cores 32 are in that po sition which leaves the bypasses 27 fully open. Consequently, the hydraulic fluid in the recesses 19, is permitted to rotate freely with the rotor 17. \Vhen it is desired to offer resistance to rotation of the rotor 1'? within the housing 7, the link 39 should be actuated to rotate the valve cores 82. The relieved portions 33 of the valve cores 32, are of such extent, that initial rotation of the cores 32 will not close the bypasses 27 until the rollers l? have moved sufficiently to permit the gates 21 to move substantially to fully operative position. Vi hen so disposed, free rotation of the fluid in each of the recesses 19, with the rotor 17, will be stopped; but since the bypasses 27 are not restricted, only a little braking action will be set up, it being understood of course, that the gates 21 oscillate back and forth within their respective guideways 22 as the high and low points of the rotor 17, come into register therewith. lVhen further movement of the valve cores 32 is eflected, the bypasses 27 are restricted so that the flow of fluid from one side of the adjacent gate 21 and into the same recess 19 but upon the other side of the gate 21, is limited, setting up resistance to rotation of the rotor 17 within the housing '7, the amount of this resistance being in direct proportion to the extent of closing of the bypasses 27 by the valve cores 32.

Various changes may be made in the details of the invention as herein described, witnout departing from tne scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a housing having a circular chamber therein, a shaft journalled axially of said chamber, a rotor rigid with said shaft, portions of the periphery of said rotor extending adjacent the bore of said chamber to define recesses therebetween, hydraulic fluld n said recesses, a gate slidably mounted in said housing, resilient means pressing the gate inward toward the rotor and into said recesses as they move therepast, a bypass connecting portions of said chamber with which the recesses come into register and upon opposite sides of said gate, means for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid through said bypass, and means operable by said flow-controlling means for controlling the inward movement of said gate.

A. hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a housing having a circular chamber therein, a shaft journalled axially of said chamber, a rotor rigid with said shaft, portions of the periphery of said rotor extending adjacent the bore of said chamber to define recesses therebetween, hydraulic fluid in said recesses, a gate slidably mounted in said housing, resilient means pressing the gate inward toward the rotor and into said recesses as they move thcrepast, means controlling the inward movement of said gate, a bypass connecting portions of said chamber with which the recesses come into register and upon opposite sides of said gate, means for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid through said bypass, said bypass controlling means and said gate controlling means being coupled to effect op eration of the bypass controlling means after the gate controlling means'have been operated.

3. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a housing having a circular chamber therein, a shaft journalled axially of said chamber, a rotor rigid with said shaft, por

tions of the periphery of said rotor extending adjacent the bore of said chamber to define recesses therebetween, hydraulic fluid in said recesses, a gate slidably mounted in said housing, resilient means pressing the gate inward toward the rotor and into said recesses as they move therepast, means controlling the inward movement of said gate, a bypass connecting portions of said chamber with which the recesses come into register and upon opposite sides of said gate, means for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid through said bypass, a reserve fluid compartment in said rm tor, and a bypass in register with said compartment and leading to a portion of the chamber with which the recesses come into register as the rotor turns within the housing.

4. A hydraulic brake mechanism comprising a housing having a circular chamber therein, a shaft journalled axially of said chamber, a rotor rigid with said shaft, portions of the periphery of said rotor extending adjacent the bore of said chamber to define recesses therebetween, hydraulic fluid in said recesses, a gate slidably mounted in said housing, resilient means pressing the gate inward toward the rotor and into said recesses as they move therepast, means controlling the inward movement of said gate, a bypass connecting portions of said chamber with which the recesses come into register and upon opposite sides of said gate, means for controlling the flow of hydraulic fluid through said bypass, a. reserve fluid compartment in said rotor, and a bypass in register with said compartment and leading to a portion of a chamber with which the recesses come into register as the rotor turns within the. housing, said second mentioned bypass entering the chamber at a point of register with a portion of each of said recesses after said portion has passed the associated gate.

5. In a hydraulic brake mechanism, a housing having a circular chamber therein, a

rotor journalled within said chamber and having a plurality of recesses therein, hydraulic fluid in said recesses,-mean for restricting motion of said fluid as the rotor turns, a reserve fluid compartment in said rotor, and a bypass leading from said compartment to a portion of said chamber with which the recesses come into register as the rotor turns.

6. In a hydraulic brake mechanism, a housing having a circular chamber therein, a rotor journalled within said chamber and having aplurality of recesses therein, hydraulic fluid in said recesses, means for restricting motion of said fluid as the rotor turns, a reserve. fluid compartment in said rotor, and a bypass leading from said compartment to a portion of said chamber with which the recesses come into register after said recess has passed said flow-controlling means.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES L. JOLLY. 

